2006/444/EG: Beschluss des Rates vom 13. März 2006 über den Beitritt der Gemeinschaft zu Regelung Nr. 55 der Wirtschaftskommission der Vereinten Nationen für Europa über einheitliche Bedingungen für die Genehmigung mechanischer Verbindungsteile von Fahrzeugkombinationen (Text von Bedeutung für den EWR)

Durchsuchbarer Text in vereinfachter Darstellung. Tabellen, Abbildungen und verbindliche Gestaltung bitte anhand der Originaldateien prüfen.

istance of 1,0 to 1,5 m from the centre of the coupling pin — see Figure 24. The lever arm shall be at 90o to the direction of entry of the coupling pin into the coupling. If the worst case is obvious, this worst case has to be tested. If the worst case is not easy to determine, the type approval authority or technical service shall decide which side to test. Only one test is necessary. Figure 24 Lifting test on fifth wheel couplings Text von Bild Fa View from rear F 1 to 1.5m 3.7.3. Dynamic test The fifth wheel coupling shall be subjected to alternating stress on a test rig (asynchronous dynamic test) with horizontal alternating and vertical pulsating forces acting simultaneously. 3.7.3.1. In the case of fifth wheel couplings not intended for the positive steering of semitrailers, the following forces shall be used: Horizontal: Fhw = ±0,6 × D Vertical: Fso = g × 1,2 U Fsu = g × 0,4 U These two forces shall be applied in the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle with the lines of action of both forces Fso and Fsu passing through the centre of the joint of the coupling. The vertical force Fs alternates between the limits +g × 1,2 U and +g × 0,4 U and the horizontal force between ±0,6 D. 3.7.3.2. In the case of fifth wheel couplings intended for the positive steering of semitrailers the following forces shall be used: Horizontal: Fhw = ±0,675 D Vertical: Fso and Fsu as in paragraph 3.7.3.1. The lines of action of the forces are as given in paragraph 3.7.3.1. 3.7.3.3. For the dynamic test of fifth wheel couplings, a suitable lubricating material shall be placed between the coupling plate and the trailer plate so that the maximum coefficient of friction, μ ≤ 0,15. 3.8. Mounting plates for fifth wheel couplings The dynamic test for fifth wheel couplings described in paragraph 3.7.3 and the static tests described in paragraph 3.7.2 shall also be applied to mounting plates. With mounting plates, it is sufficient to perform the lifting test on one side only. The test shall be based on the maximum designated installation height for the coupling, the maximum designated width and the minimum designated length of the mounting plate design. It is not necessary to carry out this test if the mounting plate in question is identical to one which has already undergone this test except that it is narrower and/or longer and the total height is lower. It is not permissible to use a calculation method as an alternative to physical testing. 3.9. Fifth wheel coupling pins of semitrailers 3.9.1. A dynamic test with alternating stress shall be performed on a sample mounted on a test rig. The testing of the coupling pin shall not be combined with the testing of the fifth wheel coupling. The test shall be conducted so that the force is also applied to the fixings needed for attaching the coupling pin to the semitrailer. It is not permissible to use a calculation method as an alternative to physical testing. 3.9.2. A dynamic test with an alternating horizontal force of Fhw = ±0,6 D shall be applied to the coupling pin in the operating position. The line of action of the force shall pass through the centre of the smallest diameter of the cylindrical part of the coupling pin having a diameter of 50,8 mm for Class H50 (see annex 5, Figure 18). ANNEX 7 INSTALLATION AND SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 1. INSTALLATION AND SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 1.1. Attachment of coupling balls and towing brackets 1.1.1. Coupling balls and towing brackets shall be attached to vehicles of categories M1, M2 (below 3,5 t maximum permissible mass) and N1 (1) in a manner which conforms to the clearance and height dimensions given in Figure 25. The height shall be measured at the vehicle loading conditions given in appendix 1 to this annex. The height requirement shall not apply in the case of category G off‐road vehicles as defined in annex 7 of the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3)(document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2). 1.1.1.1. The clearance space shown in Figures 25a and 25b may be occupied by non‐demountable equipment, such as a spare wheel, provided that the distance from the centre of the ball to a vertical plane at the extreme rearmost point of the equipment does not exceed 300 mm. The equipment shall be mounted to allow adequate access for coupling and uncoupling without risk of injury to the user and without affecting articulation of the coupling. 1.1.2. For coupling balls and towing brackets the vehicle manufacturer shall supply mounting instructions and state whether any reinforcement of the fixing area is necessary. 1.1.3. It shall be possible to couple and uncouple ball couplings when the longitudinal axis of the ball coupling in relation to the centre line of the coupling ball and mounting: is rotated horizontally 60o to right or left, (β = 60o, see Figure 25); is rotated vertically 10o up or down (α = 10o, see Figure 25); is rotated axially 10o to right or left. Figure 25(a) Clearance space for, and height of, coupling ball — side view Text von Bild Clearance space 45° 65° 140 min 55 min 32 min 100 max 65 min 250 max α α 45° min 45° max Vertical plane at limits of vehicle overall dimensions 420 (see Annex 7 350 para. 1.1.1.) Ground Figure 25(b) Clearance space for coupling ball — plan view Text von Bild 15° max 100 max Clearance Space Vertical plane at limits of vehicle overall dimensions 30° max β 75 min 30° max R 14.5 max 7 5min 30° max R 40 max β 30° max 1.1.4. When the trailer is not coupled to the towing vehicle, the mounted towing bracket and coupling ball shall not obscure the mounting space provided for the rear registration plate or affect the visibility of the rear registration/licence plate of the towing vehicle. If the coupling ball or other items do obscure the rear registration plate they shall be removable or repositionable without the use of tools except, for example, an easily operated (i.e. an effort not exceeding 20 Nm) release key which is carried in the vehicle. 1.2. Attachment of coupling heads 1.2.1. Class B coupling heads are permitted for trailers of maximum mass up to and including 3,5 tonnes. With the trailer horizontal and carrying the maximum permitted axle load, coupling heads shall be fitted so that the centre line of the spherical area into which the ball fits is 430 ±35 mm above the horizontal plane on which the wheels of the trailer rest. In the case of caravans and goods trailers, the horizontal position is regarded as when the floor or loading surface is horizontal. In the case of trailers without such a reference surface (e.g. boat trailers or similar) the trailer manufacturer shall give an appropriate reference line defining the horizontal position. The height requirement shall apply only to trailers intended to be attached to vehicles mentioned in paragraph 1.1.1. of this annex. In all cases the horizontal position shall be determined to within ±1o. 1.2.2. It shall be possible to operate the coupling heads safely within the free space of the coupling ball given in Figures 25a and 25b, up to angles of α = 25o and β = 60o. 1.3. Attachment of drawbar couplings and mounting blocks 1.3.1. Mounting dimensions for standard drawbar couplings: In the case of types of standard drawbar couplings the mounting dimensions on the vehicle given in Figure 15 and Table 10 must be met. 1.3.2. Need for remote controlled couplings If one or more of the following requirements regarding easy and safe operation (paragraph 1.3.3.), accessibility (paragraph 1.3.5.) or clearance for the hand lever (paragraph 1.3.6.) cannot be met, a coupling with a remote control device as described in annex 5, paragraph 12.3. shall be used. 1.3.3. Easy and safe coupling operation Drawbar couplings shall be mounted on the vehicle in such a manner that they are easy and safe to operate. In addition to the functions of opening (and closing, if applicable) this also includes checking the position of the indicator for the closed and locked positions of the coupling pin (by sight and touch). In the area in which the person operating the coupling has to stand, there shall not be any points of possible danger such as sharp edges, corners, etc. inherent in the design unless these are protected so that injury is unlikely. The way of escape from this area shall not be restricted or barred on either side by any objects attached to either the coupling or the vehicles. Any underrun protection device shall not prevent the person adopting a suitable position to operate the coupling. 1.3.4. Minimum angle for coupling up and uncoupling Coupling and uncoupling of the drawbar eye shall be possible when the longitudinal axis of the drawbar eye in relation to the centre line of the jaw is simultaneously rotated: 50o horizontally to right or left; 6o vertically up or down. 6o axially to right or left. This requirement shall also apply to Class K hook type couplings. 1.3.5. Accessibility The distance between the centre of the coupling pin and the edge of the bodywork of the vehicle shall not exceed 550 mm. Where the distance exceeds 420 mm, the coupling shall be fitted with an actuation mechanism which will allow safe operation at a maximum distance of 420 mm from the outer board of the bodywork. The distance of 550 mm may be exceeded as follows, provided that technical necessity can be demonstrated and that easy and safe actuation of the drawbar coupling is not adversely affected: (i) to a distance of up to 650 mm for vehicles with tipping bodies or rear‐mounted equipment; (ii) to a distance of up to 1,320 mm if the unobstructed height is at least 1,150 mm; (iii) in the case of car transporters with at least two loading levels when the trailer vehicle is not separated from the towing vehicle in normal transport operation. 1.3.6. Clearance for the hand lever In order to permit safe operation of drawbar couplings there shall be adequate free space around the hand lever. The clearance illustrated in Figure 26 is regarded as sufficient. If different types of standard drawbar couplings are intended to be fitted to the vehicle, the clearance shall be such that the conditions are also satisfied for the largest size of coupling of the appropriate class given in annex 5, paragraph 3. Figure 26 Hand lever clearance Text von Bild 60 min 60 min 100min The clearance dimensions are also applicable as appropriate for drawbar couplings having hand levers pointing downwards or of a different design. The clearance shall also be maintained within the specified minimum angle for coupling up and uncoupling given in paragraph 1.3.4 of this annex. 1.3.7. Clearance for free movement of drawbar coupling The drawbar coupling attached to the vehicle shall have a minimum clear gap of 10 mm from every other part of the vehicle taking into account all possible geometrical positions given in annex 5, paragraph 3. If different types of standard drawbar couplings are intended to be fitted to the vehicle type, the clearance shall be such that the conditions are also satisfied for the largest possible coupling of the appropriate class stated in annex 5, paragraph 3. 1.3.8. Acceptability of drawbar couplings with a special joint for vertical rotation — see annex 5, paragraph 3.4. Couplings having a cylindrical pin and which achieve vertical rotation for the coupled drawbar eye by means of a special joint will only be permitted when technical necessity can be demonstrated. This may be the case, for example, on rear tippers when the coupling head shall be hinged, or with the couplings of heavy transporters when for strength reasons the use of a cylindrical coupling pin is necessary. 1.4. Attachment of drawbar eyes and drawbars on trailers. 1.4.1. Drawbars for centre axle trailers shall have a support device which is adjustable in height if bearing mass at the drawbar eye on the trailer exceeds 50 kg, when the trailer is uniformly loaded to its technically permissible maximum mass. 1.4.2. When attaching drawbar eyes and drawbar to centre‐axle trailers with a maximum mass, C, of more than 3,5 tonnes and more than one axle, the trailers shall be equipped with device for axle load sharing. 1.4.3. Hinged drawbars shall be clear of the ground. They shall not fall below a height of 200 mm from the ground when released from the horizontal position. See also annex 5, paragraphs 5.3 and 5.4. 1.5. Attachment of fifth wheel couplings, mounting plates and coupling pins on vehicles. 1.5.1. Class G50 fifth wheel couplings shall not be mounted directly on the vehicle frame unless permitted by the vehicle manufacturer. They shall be fixed to the frame by means of a mounting plate and the installation instructions provided by the vehicle manufacturer and coupling manufacturer shall be followed. 1.5.2. Semitrailers shall be equipped with landing gear or any other equipment which allows uncoupling and parking of the semitrailer. If semitrailers are equipped so that the connection of the coupling devices, the electrical systems and braking systems can be effected automatically, the trailer shall have landing gear which retracts from the ground automatically after the semitrailer has been coupled up. These requirements shall not apply in the case of semitrailers designed for special operations where they are normally only separated in a workshop or when loading and unloading in specifically designed operating areas. 1.5.3. The fixing of the fifth wheel coupling pin to the mounting plate on the semitrailer shall be as instructed by the vehicle manufacturer or the manufacturer of the fifth wheel coupling pin. 1.5.4. If a semitrailer is equipped with a steering wedge it shall meet the requirements as described in annex 5, paragraph 7.8. 2. REMOTE INDICATION AND CONTROL 2.1. When installing remote indication and control devices any relevant requirements given in annex 5, paragraph 12 shall be taken into account. (1) See definitions in Regulation No 13 annexed to the 1958 Agreement concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be Fitted and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of these Prescriptions. The definition is also contained in annex 7 of the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3) (document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2). ANNEX 7 Appendix 1 LOADING CONDITIONS FOR MEASUREMENT OF COUPLING BALL HEIGHT 1. The height shall be as specified in annex 7, paragraph 1.1.1. 2. In the case of M1 category vehicles (1) the vehicle mass at which this height shall be measured shall be declared by the vehicle manufacturer and shall be given in the Communication form (annex 2). The mass shall be either the maximum permissible mass, distributed between the axles as declared by the vehicle manufacturer or the mass given by loading the vehicle in accordance with paragraph 2.1 of this appendix. 2.1. The maximum figure for the mass in running order as declared by the towing vehicle manufacturer (see paragraph 6. of the Communication form, annex 2); plus 2.1.1. two masses, each of 68 kg, positioned in the outer seating position of each row of seats, with the seats in the rearmost adjustable position for normal driving and travel, and with the masses located: 2.1.1.1. for original equipment coupling devices and components submitted for approval by the vehicle manufacturer, approximately at a point located at 100 mm in front of the “R” point for adjustable seats and 50 mm in front of the “R” point for other seats, the “R” point being determined according to Regulation No 14 paragraph 5.1.1.2.; or 2.1.1.2. for coupling devices and components submitted for approval by an independent manufacturer and intended for replacement market fitting, approximately at the position of a seated person; 2.1.2. In addition, for each mass of 68 kg, an additional mass of 7 kg allowance for personal luggage shall be distributed evenly in the luggage area of the vehicle; 3. In the case of N1 category vehicles (2), the vehicle mass at which this height shall be measured shall be: 3.1. The maximum permissible mass, distributed between the axles as declared by the towing vehicle manufacturer (see paragraph 6. of the Communication form, annex 2). (1) As defined in the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), annex 7 (Document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2). (2) As defined in the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), annex 7 (Document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2).