{"id":15431,"date":"2023-11-20T12:18:22","date_gmt":"2023-11-20T11:18:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kanzlei-steinwachs.de\/is-hukuku-kararlari\/bag-kararlari-2009\/tazminat\/"},"modified":"2023-12-08T05:03:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-08T04:03:39","slug":"tazminat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.kanzlei-steinwachs.de\/tr\/is-hukuku-kararlari\/bag-kararlari-2009\/tazminat\/","title":{"rendered":"tazminat"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row triangle_shape=”no”][vc_column][vc_column_text]a) S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/strong><\/p>\n

Raporlama d\u00f6neminde D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Senato, kamu hizmeti toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin (TV\u00f6D) 1. \u00fccret grubundaki bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 iki kararla ele ald\u0131. 28 Ocak 2009 tarihli karara g\u00f6re (4 ABR 92\/07), de\u011ferlendirme anlam\u0131nda en basit faaliyet olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6deme grubu 1 TV\u00f6D genel bir de\u011ferlendirmeye dayal\u0131 olarak uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6deme grubu 1 TV\u00f6D’de listelenen i\u015f \u00f6rnekleri kesin bir katalog de\u011fildir. En basit faaliyetin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmeye y\u00f6nelik belirleyici kriterler, gerekli herhangi bir \u00f6n e\u011fitim veya \u00f6\u011fretime ek olarak, \u00fcstlenilen faaliyette \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir giri\u015f veya e\u011fitim a\u015famas\u0131, esas olarak tek tip ve benzer bir faaliyet olup, performans\u0131 herhangi bir gerektirmemektedir. herhangi bir \u00f6nemli bireysel husus ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, tamamen \u00f6nemsiz olmayan bir karar verme ve sorumluluk alan\u0131n\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131. \u00dccret grubu 1 TV\u00f6D, \u00c7er\u00e7eve TV’nin 2. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile BMTG II’nin 20. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc esas al\u0131narak kabul edilen b\u00f6lge \u00fccret grubu listelerine at\u0131fta bulunulmayan, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, yeni bir d\u00fczenlemedir. Bir binadaki temizlik i\u015fi, \u00f6deme grubu 1’de belirtilen faaliyet \u00f6rneklerinin hi\u00e7birinin kapsam\u0131na girmez.<\/p>\n

Ancak en basit bir aktivite olabilir. \u00dccret grubu 1 i\u00e7in toplu toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n saatlerce e\u011fitim ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hijyen kurallar\u0131na ve kapsaml\u0131 bir dezenfeksiyon plan\u0131na uyulmas\u0131 gereken huzurevindeki temizlik i\u015fi “basit i\u015fler” de\u011fildir. 20 May\u0131s 2009 tarihli karara g\u00f6re (4 ABR 99\/08), bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n TV\u00f6D \u00f6deme grubu 1’de s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, onun genel faaliyetinin toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme anlam\u0131nda birka\u00e7 k\u0131smi faaliyetten olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemez; bunlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 \u00f6deme grubuna g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilebilecek 1 TV\u00f6D’dir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6re \u00a7 17 Abs. Belediye i\u015fverenlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n TV\u00f6D’ye devredilmesine ve ge\u00e7i\u015f kanununun d\u00fczenlenmesine ili\u015fkin toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin (TV\u00dcVKA) 1. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 2. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re halen ge\u00e7erli olan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma esaslar\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir. \u00c7er\u00e7eve TV’nin \u00a7 20 BMTG II Madde 1 C\u00fcmle 2’sine g\u00f6re, zaman\u0131n en az yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek k\u0131smi faaliyetlerin toplam\u0131n\u0131n hangi \u00f6deme grubuna atanaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma i\u00e7in temel olarak belirleyicidir. Tek tip bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilebilecek genel bir faaliyet yoktur. Grupland\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, Belediye \u0130\u015fveren Birlikleri Birli\u011fi (BAT O\/VKA) i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli versiyondaki Do\u011fu \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in Federal Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Ek 1a’da yer alan bir faaliyet \u00f6zelli\u011fine atanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Senato’nun 28 Ocak 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re (4 AZR 13\/08), \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin g\u00f6revlendirilmesinin, Ek 1a’da farkl\u0131 toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde belirtilen i\u015f \u00f6zelliklerinin yerine getirilmesini gerektirdi\u011fi durumlarda, BATO \/VKA, her bir i\u015f s\u00fcrecinin kendisi ile ilgili spesifik faaliyet karakteristi\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilebilmesi i\u00e7in eklenmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n t\u00fcm faaliyeti, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta bir toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye veya toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin burada d\u00fczenlenen i\u015f niteliklerine sahip bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne devredilemez. Bu, uzmanl\u0131k ilkesi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir. “Teknik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan” terimi, i\u015f \u00f6zelli\u011finin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 temsil eder; bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n genel i\u015finin yaln\u0131zca az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir “teknik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan” olarak yerine getirmesi durumunda veya di\u011fer anlamda mevcut olmas\u0131 durumunda da mevcut olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Genel i\u015f \u00f6zellikleri s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak istihdam edilir. \u00d6zel durum grubu faaliyet \u00f6zelliklerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 halinde Ek 1a’daki genel faaliyet \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u015fvuru hari\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel durum grubu faaliyet \u00f6zelliklerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 halinde Ek 1a’daki genel faaliyet \u00f6zelliklerine ba\u015fvuru hari\u00e7tir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dcniversite hastanelerindeki doktorlara y\u00f6nelik toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin (TV\u00c4rzte\/TdL) c\u00a7 16’s\u0131, doktorlar\u0131n her biri \u00e7e\u015fitli maa\u015f d\u00fczeylerine sahip be\u015f maa\u015f grubuna ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Maa\u015f grubunda kademe ilerlemesi \u201ct\u0131bbi faaliyet d\u00f6nemlerine\u201d g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Senato’nun 23 Eyl\u00fcl 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re (4 AZR 382\/08), stajyer doktor olarak (AiP) faaliyet s\u00fcreleri t\u0131bbi faaliyet s\u00fcresi olarak say\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. 1985 ile Eyl\u00fcl 2004 aras\u0131ndaki yasaya g\u00f6re AiP, t\u0131bbi lisans alman\u0131n \u00f6n \u015fart\u0131yd\u0131. T\u0131bbi faaliyet d\u00f6nemleri yaln\u0131zca lisansl\u0131 doktor olarak tamamlananlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Lisansl\u0131 bir doktor olmak i\u00e7in verilen e\u011fitimin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak tamamlanan s\u00fcre, ayn\u0131 zamanda, 16. Maddenin Paragraf\u0131 uyar\u0131nca gerekli olan t\u0131bbi olmayan faaliyetlerde mesleki deneyim s\u00fcresi de\u011fildir. Seviyelerin belirlenmesinde 2 TV doktoru\/TdL dikkate al\u0131nabilir. Toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflar\u0131, d\u00fczenledikleri alana g\u00f6re \u00fccretlerin belirlenece\u011fi kurallar\u0131 belirlemekte \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

c) G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc hakimlerin esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccretleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6l\u00fcm 29 Paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. 2 C\u00fcmle 1 TV\u00f6D, kamu hizmetinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n genel vatanda\u015fl\u0131k g\u00f6revlerini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca mesai saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yerine getirmeleri gerekmektedir. Bunun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131 durumunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirme giri\u015fiminde bulunmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Senato 22 Ocak 2009 (6 AZR 78\/08) tarihli karar\u0131nda, kamu hizmetindeki i\u015fverenlerin, fahri yarg\u0131\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara, bu kanunlara tabi olduklar\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde maa\u015f \u00f6demeleri gerekti\u011fine karar vermi\u015ftir. i\u015f ili\u015fkisi i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir Esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi modeli, esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinden yararlanman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r ve size zaman kredisi vermek zorunda kalmaz. B\u00f6yle bir zaman kredisi yaln\u0131zca fahri hakim olarak temel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri dahilindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in verilmelidir. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc hakim olarak g\u00f6revin yerine getirilmesi i\u00e7in esnek zaman kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, 26. maddenin ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmez. 1 ArbGG, B\u00f6l\u00fcm 45 Para. 1a C\u00fcmle 2 DRiG.<\/p>\n

Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde fahri hakimlerin \u00fccretleri konusunda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmamaktad\u0131r. \u00a7 29 Abs. 2 C\u00fcmle 1 TV\u00f6D ayn\u0131 zamanda B\u00f6l\u00fcm 616 C\u00fcmle 1 BGB ile de tutarl\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n temel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda i\u015f yapmak zorunda olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta d\u00fczenleme, yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara y\u00f6nelik ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmemektedir. \u00a7 4 Abs. 1 TzBfG. Yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 istihdam nedeniyle haks\u0131z e\u015fitsiz muamele, yaln\u0131zca, normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerine ili\u015fkin \u00e7ekirdek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin oran\u0131n\u0131n, esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri olan yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in, ayn\u0131 esnek zaman d\u00fczenlemesi kapsam\u0131nda tam zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara g\u00f6re d\u00fczenli olarak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 durumunda mevcut olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

d) \u0130n\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fccreti<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130n\u015faat Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne \u0130li\u015fkin Federal Toplu S\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00c7er\u00e7evesi B\u00f6l\u00fcm 4 No. 6.1’e g\u00f6re, yasal k\u00f6t\u00fc hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde i\u015fin zorlay\u0131c\u0131 hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 veya ekonomik nedenlerden dolay\u0131 imkans\u0131z hale gelmesi durumunda \u00fccret hakk\u0131 art\u0131k ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir. Yasal k\u00f6t\u00fc hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 s\u00fcresince ya\u015fanan \u00fccret kayb\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi kredilerinin iptal edilmesiyle telafi edilememesi durumunda, i\u015fveren bir sonraki maa\u015f bordrosu ile birlikte mevsimlik k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fini yasal oran \u00fczerinden \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Be\u015finci Senato’nun 22 Nisan 2009 tarihli (5 AZR 310\/08) karar\u0131na g\u00f6re, k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fi i\u00e7in ki\u015fisel onay \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n i\u015fverenin toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc mevcuttur. \u00a7\u00a7 169, 172 SGB III yerine getirildi. Bu nedenle i\u015f bulma kurumu k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fini onaylamasa bile i\u015fveren mevsimlik k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6dene\u011fini \u00f6demek zorundad\u0131r. \u00a7 172 Abs’de \u00f6l\u00fcn. B\u00f6l\u00fcm 13 SGB III’te d\u00fczenlenen gereklilikler, sigortal\u0131n\u0131n sigortal\u0131 toplulu\u011fuyla ili\u015fkili \u00f6zel ko\u015fullar\u0131yla ilgilidir ve B\u00f6l\u00fcm 615 BGB’ye yeterli at\u0131f yap\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

e) Kabul\u00fcn temerr\u00fcd\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alacakl\u0131 kendisine sunulan hizmeti kabul etmedi\u011fi takdirde temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fer. Alman Medeni Kanunu’nun (BGB) 297. maddesine g\u00f6re, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015fi yerine getirememesi durumunda i\u015fveren temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fmez. Bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan performans g\u00f6steremiyor. \u00a7 297 BGB, ki\u015fisel nedenlerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan faaliyetleri art\u0131k istisnas\u0131z yerine getiremiyorsa. Be\u015finci Senato, 18 Mart 2009 tarihli (5 AZR 192\/08) karar\u0131nda, i\u015f yapmay\u0131 imkans\u0131z hale getiren yasal istihdam yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, gerekleri ve hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 konusunda a\u00e7\u0131k bir d\u00fczenleme gerektirdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koydu. \u00a7 5 paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. 24 Kas\u0131m 1992 tarihli Kuzey Ren-Vestfalya Kurtarma Hizmetleri ve Acil Durum Kurtarma ve Giri\u015fimciler Taraf\u0131ndan Hasta Nakil Kanunu’nun (RettG NRW) 5. maddesine g\u00f6re, acil kurtarma ve hasta naklinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan t\u0131bbi olmayan personel en az 30 saatlik g\u00f6revde yer almal\u0131d\u0131r. -Her y\u0131l ilgili e\u011fitimler verin ve bunun kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n. Ancak zorunlu e\u011fitim \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmesi, otomatik olarak istihdam yasa\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7maz. Bu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n i\u015fverene kar\u015f\u0131 bor\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu nedenle i\u015fveren, e\u011fitim y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne uyulmamas\u0131n\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirebilir. \u00a7 273 Abs. \u0130tiraz olarak 1 BGB. Ancak ba\u015fka sebeplerle i\u015f yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa sonradan saklama hakk\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

f) Lohnwucher<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00f6l\u00fcm 138 Paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. 2 BGB, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n zor durumundan, deneyimsizli\u011finden veya muhakeme eksikli\u011finden yararlanarak bir ki\u015fiye, hizmetle bariz bir \u015fekilde orant\u0131s\u0131z olan bir hizmet i\u00e7in mali avantajlar sa\u011flayan bir hukuki i\u015flem ge\u00e7ersizdir. D\u00fczenleme ayn\u0131 zamanda bir i\u015f ili\u015fkisinde i\u015fin de\u011feri ile \u00fccret d\u00fczeyi aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr orant\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

Be\u015finci Senato, 22 Nisan 2009 (5 AZR 436\/08) tarihli karar\u0131nda, \u00fccretin ilgili sekt\u00f6rde genellikle \u00f6denen standart \u00fccretin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi bile olmamas\u0131 durumunda performans ile de\u011ferlendirme aras\u0131nda \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir orant\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k oldu\u011funa karar vermi\u015ftir. ekonomik b\u00f6lgeye ula\u015ft\u0131. Kararda Senato, bir \u00fccret s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erli olabilece\u011fini, ancak zaman i\u00e7inde genel \u00fccret ve maa\u015f geli\u015fimine g\u00f6re ayarlanmamas\u0131 halinde Alman Medeni Kanunu’nun 138. Maddesini ihlal edebilece\u011fini bir kez daha a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade etti. (BGB). Bir \u00fccret s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin ahlaka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaln\u0131zca \u00fczerinde anla\u015f\u0131lan \u00fccret miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilemez. Belirleyici fakt\u00f6r, toplu olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan, \u00f6denek ve ek \u00fccretler olmaks\u0131z\u0131n saatlik veya ayl\u0131k \u00fccretle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu t\u00fcr hizmetler esas olarak ne i\u015fin adil piyasa de\u011ferini ne de i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin niteli\u011fini belirler.<\/p>\n

Ancak \u00f6zel bireysel durumlar, eserin de\u011ferinin belirlenmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ahlaka ayk\u0131r\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn de\u011ferlendirilmesini de etkileyebilmekte ve 2\/3 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesine yol a\u00e7abilmektedir. Bir ekonomik b\u00f6lgedeki i\u015fverenlerin y\u00fczde ellisinden fazlas\u0131n\u0131n toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 ya da \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc i\u015fverenlerin bir ekonomik b\u00f6lgede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde ellisinden fazlas\u0131n\u0131 istihdam etmesi durumunda toplu pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131labilir. S\u00fcbjektif bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00fccret tefecili\u011fi ve tefecilik benzeri hukuki i\u015flemler, lehdar taraf\u0131n her iki taraf\u0131n performanslar\u0131ndaki e\u015fitsizli\u011fin fark\u0131nda oldu\u011funu varsaymaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f ili\u015fkisinde genellikle ilgili toplu \u00fccretlerin i\u015fverenler taraf\u0131ndan bilindi\u011fi varsay\u0131labilir. Ola\u011fan standart \u00fccretin bilinip bilinmemesi veya en az\u0131ndan uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi ilgili ko\u015fullara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

g) E\u015fit muamele ilkesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u0130\u015f kanununda e\u015fit muamele ilkesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n benzer durumdaki di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6nemsiz dezavantajl\u0131 muameleye tabi tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamaktad\u0131r. \u00dccretlendirme alan\u0131nda, i\u015fverenin sosyal yard\u0131mlar\u0131 genel bir d\u00fczenlemeye dayanarak sa\u011flamas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de belirli gereklilikleri veya ama\u00e7lar\u0131 belirtmesi durumunda e\u015fit muamele \u015fart\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir. Her hal\u00fckarda, Be\u015finci Senato’nun 3 Aral\u0131k 2008 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re, i\u015fverenin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m karar\u0131 tek bir \u015firketle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmay\u0131p \u015firketin t\u00fcm veya birka\u00e7 \u015firketini ilgilendiriyorsa (5 AZR 74\/08) ) \u015eirketler aras\u0131nda e\u015fit muameleyi sa\u011flamak.<\/p>\n

Bireysel \u015firketler aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ancak bunun nesnel nedenleri varsa izin verilir. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00fccret art\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda i\u015fveren, \u015firketler aras\u0131nda ekonomik performansa ve mevcut \u00fccret d\u00fczeyine g\u00f6re ayr\u0131m yapabilir. Uygun kriterler aras\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f gereksinimleri, \u015firketin genel veya \u00f6zel olarak kazan\u00e7 durumu, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki \u00fccret geli\u015fimi ve mutlak \u00fccret d\u00fczeyi yer al\u0131r. Bu, mevcut farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n nedenleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm \u015firketlerin \u015firket \u00e7ap\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n

h) \u00d6zel \u00f6deme<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fveren, \u00f6zel \u00f6demeleri iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 yaparak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n gelecek referans d\u00f6nemleri i\u00e7in yard\u0131ma hak kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilir. Bu durum, Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun Modernizasyonuna \u0130li\u015fkin Kanunun 1 Ocak 2002 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden sonra da ge\u00e7erlidir; burada B\u00f6l\u00fcm 23 Para. 1 AGGB terk edildi. Ancak, Onuncu Senato’nun 10 Aral\u0131k 2008 (10 AZR 1\/08) tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re, i\u015fverenin \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana her y\u0131l belirli miktarda Noel ikramiyesi \u00f6deyece\u011fine dair a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6z vermesi halinde, Ayn\u0131 veya ba\u015fka bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme maddesinde i\u015fverenin y\u0131lba\u015f\u0131 ikramiyesi \u00f6demesinin ihtiyari \u00e7ekinceye tabi olmas\u0131 \u00e7eli\u015fkilidir. \u00c7eli\u015fkili h\u00fck\u00fcmler manada a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r de\u011fildir. B\u00f6l\u00fcm 307 Paragraf\u0131n \u015feffafl\u0131k gereklili\u011fi. 1 c\u00fcmle 2 BGB.<\/p>\n

Etkin olmayan g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc rezervasyon art\u0131k ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir. Ge\u00e7ersiz h\u00fckm\u00fcn farkl\u0131 i\u00e7erikle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, belirsizlik kural\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan kural\u0131n buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen uygulamas\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u015fimdi B\u00f6l\u00fcm 305c Para. 2 BGB, AGGB y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmeden \u00f6nce zaten genel olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve resmi i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine de uygulan\u0131yordu. Genel h\u00fck\u00fcm ve ko\u015fullar\u0131n yorumlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015f\u00fcpheler halihaz\u0131rda madde kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n aleyhine ise, kendisi taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan d\u00fczenlemelerin i\u00e7erik ve i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fmesinin de madde kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n zarar\u0131na oldu\u011funu varsaymak hakl\u0131d\u0131r. bu nedenle a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r de\u011fildir. Senato, “eski davalarda” ek bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme yorumunun, madde kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k B\u00f6l\u00fcm 305 ve BGB’ye uymayan maddeleri yeni yasal duruma uyarlama giri\u015fiminde bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirip gerektirmedi\u011fi konusunu a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

EGBGB’nin 229. maddesinin 5. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n 2. c\u00fcmlesinde bir y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcresinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n, me\u015fru beklentilerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve maddenin kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak i\u015fverenin, Genel \u015fartlar ve ko\u015fullar kontrol\u00fcnden ge\u00e7meyen h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin yeni hukuki duruma uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lma giri\u015fiminde bulunulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onuncu Senato’nun 21 Ocak 2009 (10 AZR 219\/08) tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re, e\u011fer g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc rezervasyon varsa, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Noel ikramiyesi alm\u0131\u015f olsa bile operasyonel uygulamadan \u00f6zel \u00f6deme alma hakk\u0131 yoktur. Y\u0131llarca yar\u0131m br\u00fct ayl\u0131k maa\u015f. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u00f6zel \u00f6demeye ili\u015fkin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yasal hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015flayan, a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r \u015fekilde form\u00fcle edilmi\u015f g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc rezervasyon durumunda bu anlamda vaat edilen bir fayda s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. \u00a7 308 No. 4 BGB.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle bir durumda, e\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6zel \u00f6demeye hak kazanm\u0131yorsa, i\u015fverenin Noel ikramiyesi \u00f6demeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na veya art\u0131k neden \u00f6demedi\u011fine ili\u015fkin i\u015fverenin gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6stermesine gerek yoktur. Noel ikramiyeleri. \u00d6zel \u00f6demenin amac\u0131 ne olursa olsun, i\u015fverenin \u00f6zel \u00f6deme yapma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan itibaren tesis edilmemi\u015ftir. Onuncu Senato, 18 Mart 2009 (10 AZR 281\/08) tarihli karar\u0131yla, ayk\u0131r\u0131 operasyonel uygulamalara ili\u015fkin \u00f6nceki i\u00e7tihad\u0131n\u0131 terk etti.<\/p>\n

Bor\u00e7lar kanununun modernle\u015ftirilmesine ili\u015fkin kanunun 1 Ocak 2002’de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden sonra, i\u015fverenin \u00f6nceki operasyonel uygulamas\u0131 olan ko\u015fulsuz Noel ikramiyesi \u00f6demesine son verilmesi ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a beyan etti\u011fi \u00f6deme, itirazs\u0131z olarak \u00fc\u00e7 kez kabul edilebilmektedir. performansla Art\u0131k gelecekte herhangi bir yasal hak yoktur, bu art\u0131k Noel ikramiyesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n kayb\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanmayacakt\u0131r. Alman Medeni Kanunu’nun (BGB) 308 No. 5. maddesine g\u00f6re, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fme orta\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir beyan\u0131n, belirli bir i\u015flem yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc ge\u00e7ersizdir. S\u00f6zle\u015fme orta\u011f\u0131na bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in makul bir s\u00fcre verilmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece ihmal edilir. Beyan verilmi\u015ftir ve kullan\u0131c\u0131, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ama\u00e7lanan anlam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrenin ba\u015f\u0131nda s\u00f6zle\u015fme orta\u011f\u0131na \u00f6zellikle belirtmeyi taahh\u00fct eder. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan itirazs\u0131z olarak \u00fc\u00e7 kez \u00f6denen bah\u015fi\u015fin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck \u015fart\u0131yla kabul edilmesi, i\u015fverenin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan bah\u015fi\u015f \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sona ermesi i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin taraflar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fccretle ilgili bir hedef anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapmas\u0131 ve her mali y\u0131l i\u00e7in hedefler \u00fczerinde m\u00fc\u015ftereken mutabakata varmas\u0131 halinde, Onuncu Senato’nun 6 May\u0131s 2009 tarihli (10 AZR 443\/08) karar\u0131 uyar\u0131nca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana makul olmayan bir muamele yap\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r. . \u00a7 307 Abs. 1 C\u00fcmle 1 BGB, ikramiye \u00f6demesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n mali y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin hala mevcut olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda. Kural olarak, hedefe ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n taahh\u00fct edilen ikramiyeye hak kazan\u0131p kazanamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde hak kazanaca\u011f\u0131, ancak hedef s\u00fcrenin bitiminden sonra belirlenebilmektedir. Anla\u015fmazl\u0131k olmas\u0131 durumunda mevcut madde, ikramiye \u00f6deme hakk\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bir i\u015f ili\u015fkisine de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda mali y\u0131l sonunda sona ermeyen bir i\u015f ili\u015fkisine de ba\u011flad\u0131. Ancak, mali y\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6tesinde bir taahh\u00fct nedeniyle ve ikramiye \u00f6demesi tutar\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin mali y\u0131l sonunda sona erdirilmesi zorunlulu\u011funun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki anlamda makul olmayan bir dezavantaj olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin herhangi bir karara gerek duyulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u00a7 307 Abs. 1 c\u00fcmle 1 BGB temsil eder.<\/p>\n

Standart bir i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki bir madde dil a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00f6l\u00fcnebilirse ve maddenin etkisiz k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cmavi kalemle\u201d (bluepenciltest) silinirse, geri kalan d\u00fczenleme anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve etkili ise s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. Maddedeki \u201cfeshedilmemi\u015f\u201d ibaresinin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, ikramiyenin \u00f6denmesi i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca mali y\u0131l sonunda bir i\u015f ili\u015fkisinin mevcut olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle, d\u00fczenlemenin geri kalan\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131labilir kalsa da, madde dil a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00f6l\u00fcnebilir. Onuncu Senato’nun 5 A\u011fustos 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na (10 AZR 483\/08) g\u00f6re, operasyonel uygulamalardan kaynaklanan tazminat talepleri, yerine ge\u00e7en bir \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin z\u0131mni \u00e7ekincesine tabi de\u011fildir. Bir i\u015fverenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na br\u00fct ayl\u0131k \u00fccretlerinin belirli bir y\u00fczdesini on y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre boyunca Noel ikramiyesi olarak \u00f6demi\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde, operasyonel uygulamadan kaynaklanan Noel ikramiyesine ili\u015fkin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan hak, bir i\u015f yeri taraf\u0131ndan bir y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle iptal edilmeyecektir. Bunu d\u00fczenleyen anla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re bu y\u0131l Noel yok ikramiyesi \u00f6denecek. \u0130\u015fveren, eser s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde lehtelik ilkesinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7iye eser s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden daha avantajl\u0131 bireysel s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri ile \u00f6zel \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek istiyorsa, \u00f6zel \u00f6demeyi y\u0131llarca yapmayabilir. herhangi bir rezervasyon olmadan.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fverenin, ikame i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine tabi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na \u00f6zel bir \u00f6deme yapmak istemesi halinde, bu \u00e7ekincenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra iptal veya g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00e7ekincenin de Madde 307 Paragraf\u0131ndaki \u015feffafl\u0131k \u015fart\u0131na uygun olmas\u0131 gerekir. 1 c\u00fcmle 2 BGB yeterlidir. \u0130\u015fveren, \u00f6zel \u00f6demeyi “\u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine a\u00e7\u0131k” olarak yapmak istedi\u011fini yeterince a\u00e7\u0131k ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir \u015fekilde ifade etmezse, “ortalama”, makul bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bunu fark edemez. Bir i\u015fverenin s\u00f6zle\u015fme veya toplu d\u00fczenlemeler nedeniyle \u00f6zel \u00f6deme yapma zorunlulu\u011fu yoksa, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na ek yard\u0131m sa\u011flay\u0131p sa\u011flamayaca\u011f\u0131na ve hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda verip vermeyece\u011fine karar vermekte \u00f6zg\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ancak i\u015f hukukunun e\u015fit muamele ilkesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bireysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan yaln\u0131zca nesnel kriterlere dayal\u0131 olarak \u00f6zel bir \u00f6deme yapmayabilir. Faydan\u0131n amac\u0131, t\u00fcm ko\u015fullar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara sa\u011flanan faydan\u0131n bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan esirgenmesini hakl\u0131 k\u0131lan nedenlere yol a\u00e7\u0131yorsa, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara uygunsuz bir \u015fekilde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131lmaz. Onuncu Senato’nun 5 A\u011fustos 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re (10 AZR 666), i\u015fverenin \u00f6zel \u00f6deme yaparken \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n farkl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate almas\u0131 ve \u00f6zel \u00f6demeyi devam eden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccreti k\u0131smen veya tamamen telafi etmek i\u00e7in kullanmas\u0131 halinde bir grup \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u00fccretlendirilmesi, bunu ihlal ediyor \/08) i\u015f hukukunun e\u015fit muamele ilkesini ve Alman Medeni Kanununun (BGB) 612a Maddesindeki misilleme yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmiyorsa, e\u011fer o gruptan \u00f6zel \u00f6demeyi keserse Konum g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konseptinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kendileri i\u00e7in daha az elveri\u015fli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131na sahip de\u011fi\u015fiklik s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri imzalamaya haz\u0131r olmayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar. \u00d6zel \u00f6demenin amac\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan s\u00f6zle\u015fme de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden kaynaklanan dezavantajlar\u0131n k\u0131smi olarak telafi edilmesiyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmay\u0131p, i\u015fverenin ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015firkete olan ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve gelecekteki ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcllendirmek gibi ba\u015fka ama\u00e7lar da g\u00fctmesi halinde, bu durum objektif olarak s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Kendisi i\u00e7in daha az elveri\u015fli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015fverenin de\u011fi\u015fiklik teklifini reddeden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan grubunun \u00f6zel \u00f6demeden hari\u00e7 tutulmas\u0131 hakl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

i) \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n TV\u00f6D’ye devri<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a7 5 paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. Belediye i\u015fverenlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n kamu hizmeti toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine aktar\u0131lmas\u0131na ve ge\u00e7i\u015f kanununun (TV\u00dcVKA) d\u00fczenlenmesine ili\u015fkin toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin 1. maddesinde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara, Eyl\u00fcl 2005 formunda al\u0131nan \u00fccrete dayal\u0131 TV\u00f6D \u00f6deme tablosu. Belirlenen kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 maa\u015f\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana \u00f6denmesi gerekmektedir. \u00a7 6 Abs. 1 TV\u00dcVKA, TV\u00f6D’ye devredildikten sonra da mevcut durumunu korumaktad\u0131r. \u00a7 5 paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. 2 C\u00fcmle 2 TV\u00dcVKA, e\u015fin kamu hizmetinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 nedeniyle hala yerel \u00f6dene\u011fe hak sahibi olmas\u0131 durumunda 1. d\u00fczey yerel \u00f6denek esas al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Senato’nun 25 Haziran 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re (6 AZR 384\/08) Caritas’\u0131n i\u015fletti\u011fi bir hastanedeki e\u015fin i\u015fi temelde ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Alman Caritas Birli\u011fi’nin (AVR) tesislerindeki i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine ili\u015fkin y\u00f6nergeler, yerel ek \u00fccrete ili\u015fkin BAT ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7ermektedir. AVR’ye g\u00f6re, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kilise d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir i\u015fveren i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan e\u015finin 2. d\u00fczey yerel ek yard\u0131m\u0131 almas\u0131 durumunda kilise i\u015fvereni, yerel ek katk\u0131n\u0131n medeni durumla ilgili k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden muaf tutuldu. Ancak i\u015f ili\u015fkilerinin BAT’tan TV\u00f6D’ye devredildi\u011fi tarihten itibaren belediye i\u015fverenlerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bu durum art\u0131k ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu noktadan itibaren AVR Caritas kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan e\u015f 2. d\u00fczey yerel ek alma hakk\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer 2. d\u00fczey yerel ek \u00fccret yerle\u015fim maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131nda temel olarak kullan\u0131lacak olsayd\u0131, e\u015fler transfer \u00f6ncesine g\u00f6re daha iyi bir mali duruma sahip olacaklard\u0131. Ancak bu durum 5. maddenin amac\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. 2 c\u00fcmle 2 1. yar\u0131. TV\u00dc VKA, prensipte e\u015flerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma toplulu\u011funun 2. d\u00fczey yerel ek deste\u011finin tamam\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Senato’nun 17 Aral\u0131k 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re (6 AZR 665\/08), toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar\u0131n\u0131n bireysel faaliyetlerinin \u00fccret a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi, 9. Maddenin 1. F\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilen d\u00fczenlemenin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. 3 GG toplu pazarl\u0131k \u00f6zerkli\u011fini garanti etti.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6zellikle, mavi yakal\u0131 ve beyaz yakal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilere y\u00f6nelik daha \u00f6nce farkl\u0131 olan \u00fccretlendirme yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yeni bir \u00fccretlendirme sistemine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n aktar\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu t\u00fcr kitlesel olgular\u0131 d\u00fczenlerken istisnai durumlarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan zorluklar\u0131n genel olarak kabul edilmesi gerekir. Toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar\u0131, \u00f6nceki \u00fccretlendirme sisteminde kazan\u0131lan kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alarak mevcut stat\u00fcn\u00fcn yeterli d\u00fczeyde korunmas\u0131n\u0131 garanti alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu durum S\u00f6zle\u015fme’nin 3. maddesinin 1. paragraf\u0131n\u0131n ihlalini te\u015fkil etmez. \u0130stihdam ili\u015fkilerinin TV\u00f6D’ye devredilmesine ili\u015fkin toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme d\u00fczenlemeleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir ustan\u0131n kendisine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131raklardan daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret almas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131yorsa 1 GG.<\/p>\n

j) Kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n seviye ilerlemesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

TV\u00f6D’ye g\u00f6re \u00fccret, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccret grubuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dccret grubu i\u00e7erisinde \u00fccret miktar\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n g\u00f6revlendirildi\u011fi \u00fccret d\u00fczeyine g\u00f6re belirlenmektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin 7. Maddenin 7. F\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca TV\u00f6D’ye ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde i\u015fverenleriyle daha \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreleri dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. 1 C\u00fcmle 1 TV\u00dcVKA, yaln\u0131zca yeni TV\u00f6D \u00f6deme sisteminin \u00f6deme d\u00fczeyine ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta atand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dikkate al\u0131nacakt\u0131r. Joya. \u00a7 7 Abs. 1 C\u00fcmle 2 TV\u00dcVKA, bu maa\u015f grubunda daha fazla ilerleme ancak i\u015f\u00e7ilerin 1 Ekim 2005’ten sonra TV\u00f6D’nin gerektirdi\u011fi a\u015fama s\u00fcresinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 tamamlamas\u0131 durumunda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecektir. \u00d6nceki toplu pazarl\u0131k sistemi kapsam\u0131nda tamamlanan istihdam s\u00fcresi art\u0131k bir rol oynamamaktad\u0131r. Madde 7 Paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 bir \u015fey ge\u00e7erlidir. 3 TV\u00dcVKA, ancak i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fverenindeki \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak TV\u00f6D’ye ge\u00e7mesi halinde eskisinden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maa\u015f almas\u0131 durumunda ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

Bu durumda, \u00f6nceki maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 almaya devam edece\u011fi bireysel bir orta seviyeye atanacakt\u0131r. Bu orta d\u00fczeyden, i\u015fverenindeki t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi dikkate al\u0131narak, d\u00fczey i\u00e7in gerekli s\u00fcreyi tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktada maa\u015f grubunun bir sonraki daha y\u00fcksek, normal d\u00fczeyine terfi ettirilir. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Senato’nun 13 A\u011fustos 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na (6 AZR 177\/08) g\u00f6re d\u00fczenleme, 3. maddenin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki e\u015fitlik ilkesini ihlal etmemektedir. 1 GG. Tipik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kabul edilebilir olsayd\u0131, mevcut stat\u00fcleri nedeniyle hen\u00fcz TV\u00f6D’\u00fcn normal seviye sistemine s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lamayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin seviye ilerlemesi farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenebilirdi. Mevcut toplu pazarl\u0131k sistemini temelden yeniden tasarlayan yeni bir toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin etkin bir \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131, toplu pazarl\u0131k taraflar\u0131n\u0131n me\u015fru bir hedefidir.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczenleme 20. maddenin 20. f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilkesini ihlal etmemektedir. Geriye y\u00fcr\u00fcme yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 3 GG. Toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar\u0131n\u0131n, toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fme yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yeniden tasarlamalar\u0131na izin verilmektedir. Bu yetki Madde 9 Paragraf\u0131na uygundur. 3 GG korumal\u0131 toplu pazarl\u0131k \u00f6zerkli\u011fi zorunludur. Bunu yaparken sadece mevcut tarife sistemi kapsam\u0131ndaki beklentileri dikkate almak zorunda de\u011filler.<\/p>\n

k) \u00c7ocu\u011fa ili\u015fkin yer \u00f6dene\u011fi i\u00e7in m\u00fclkiyet \u00f6dene\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alman Caritas Derne\u011fi’nin (AVR) tesislerinde i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine ili\u015fkin esaslar kapsam\u0131nda istihdam edilen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, Ek 1, B\u00f6l\u00fcm V (i) paragraf\u0131nda yer alan kar\u015f\u0131 rekabet maddesine dayanarak. 2 AVR, e\u011fer e\u015fi bir belediye i\u015fvereni taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa ve i\u015f ili\u015fkisi 1 Ekim 2005 tarihinde BAT’tan TV\u00f6D’ye devredilmi\u015fse, genellikle \u00e7ocukla ilgili yerel yard\u0131m alma hakk\u0131na sahip de\u011fildir. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Senato’nun 13 A\u011fustos 2009 tarihli karar\u0131na g\u00f6re (6 AZR 319\/08) bu durum, AVR kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan e\u015fin, e\u015fiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuk yard\u0131m\u0131 almas\u0131 durumunda da ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu davada da, belediye i\u015fvereni i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan e\u015f, maddi olarak \u00e7ocuk paras\u0131 alma hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fundan, Eyl\u00fcl 2005’te \u00e7ocukla ilgili yerel yard\u0131ma hak kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a7 11 paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. 1 C\u00fcmle 1 TV\u00dcVKA, belediye i\u015fvereninin BAT’\u0131n \u00e7ocuklara ili\u015fkin maa\u015f bile\u015fenlerini kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6denek olarak \u00f6demeye devam etmesi gerekmektedir. Bu, \u00e7ocu\u011fa ili\u015fkin yerel yard\u0131ma e\u015fde\u011fer bir yard\u0131md\u0131r.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row triangle_shape=”no”][vc_column][vc_column_text]a) S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma Raporlama d\u00f6neminde D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Senato, kamu hizmeti toplu s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin (TV\u00f6D) 1. \u00fccret grubundaki bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 iki kararla ele ald\u0131. 28 Ocak 2009 tarihli karara g\u00f6re (4 ABR 92\/07), de\u011ferlendirme anlam\u0131nda en basit faaliyet olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6deme grubu 1 TV\u00f6D genel bir de\u011ferlendirmeye dayal\u0131 olarak uygulan\u0131r. \u00d6deme grubu 1 TV\u00f6D’de listelenen i\u015f \u00f6rnekleri kesin bir katalog de\u011fildir. En basit faaliyetin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmeye y\u00f6nelik belirleyici kriterler, gerekli herhangi bir \u00f6n e\u011fitim veya \u00f6\u011fretime ek olarak, \u00fcstlenilen faaliyette \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir giri\u015f veya e\u011fitim a\u015famas\u0131, esas olarak tek tip ve benzer bir faaliyet olup, performans\u0131 herhangi bir gerektirmemektedir. herhangi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":14929,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15431","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nRechtsanwaltskanzlei in Hamburg Berlin Bremen Hannover L\u00fcbeck<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Rechtsanwaltskanzlei f\u00fcr Arbeitsrecht, Arzthaftung, Mietrecht, Gewerbemietrecht ,Gastronomierecht, Immobilienrecht, Schadensersatz Yachtrecht\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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